The Spiritual Practice Of The Labyrinth - 928 Words

Since I was a child I was told to read the Bible, pray, and repeat. Eventually, these few spiritual practices became empty rituals to me for a time. In the duration of this class thus far, I’ve had the chance to relook at my spiritual practices, learn why I should practice them, and then put them into practice with a right heart. I’ve also had the chance to partake in many other types of spiritual practices. One in particular interested me, so I decided to try it – that is, the spiritual practice of the Labyrinth. There were many spiritual practices that I had never done before on the list, but the Labyrinth was a formative practice that I hadn’t even heard of. I had no experience with the discipline before the class. However, I decided to try it because I might not have had the chance to practice it again, unless I first tried it. Also, the fact of a spiritual practice having a labyrinth involved greatly interested me, and I wanted to study it. When I found out what the Labyrinth was – I wanted to try it even more. A prayer labyrinth is a labyrinth used to facilitate prayer, meditation, spiritual transformation, and/or global unity. Walking a prayer labyrinth is seen in 3 stages: Purgation, Illumination, and Union. Purgation occurs as you first walk into the labyrinth until you reach the center, the goal is to clear the mind from distractions, and open the heart. Illumination happens at the center, the goal to pray and meditate and listen to what God has for you. Union,Show More RelatedNot Have A Clue, The Etymology Of An Indication1046 Words   |  5 PagesDictionaries, into clue, â€Å"a piece of evidence or information used in detection of a crime or solving of a mystery.† Eventually, the 1995 movie Clueless defined the modern context. The comedy alluded to the affluent lifestyle of Beverly Hills. Met with a spiritual revelation, Cher undergoes a series of life changing events that alter her sense of morality. As Theseus and Cher are concerned, clue altered both of their lives. Through this, the word seems to have multiple uses. On all accounts, clue has beenRead MoreEssay on Reflection On World Religion983 Words   |  4 Pagescreated the universe. He created many Gods, highly advanced spiritual beings, to be his helpers. Many Hindus are devoted followers of Shiva or Vishnu, whom they regard as the only true God, while others look inward to the divine Self, meaning meditation. Whomever they decide to worship, it all points to the same deity. Buddhism Buddhism was founded around 520 BC by Siddharta Gautama, who was an Indian Prince. Buddhism emphasizes practice over belief. In reality, however, Buddhism centers on correctRead MoreUse Of Mandalas And Its Effect On The World1234 Words   |  5 PagesThey are directed to the east which is the place of the resurrection of Jesus Christ. In Christian there are circular patterns where the tradition can be found in rosette windows, on the domes decorating various houses of God and in the circular labyrinths on the floors of the cathedrals. Mandalas also originated in Slavic culture. We as a society don’t know much about Czech people who are closest to the Slavic culture, because there aren’t a lot of records on them. Slavic people love ornaments, jewelryRead MoreThis Clavicula Of Arte Magical, Surpassing Modern Confused1532 Words   |  7 Pagesengage with its fecklessness. This is not that tome, nor is it unrewarding to those who practice it s Magical feats and operations discerningly and with passion, vigor and strong intentions born from the well of Imagination. For this book of magic shall serve those Children of the Moon who seek truth and power as one reality in form function. Throughout this Grimoire is formulaic Rites and Rituals of Spiritual Congress, Egress, Ingress and Transgression as given unto the kith of Hearth HornRead More voodoo Essay1573 Words   |  7 Pagesscreen as evil, black magic, and the work of the devil, rather than as a faith, and most people see spells cast on voodoo dolls like Chucky in Child’s Play, who goes around killing people because he is possessed (Child’s Play 1988). Is Voodoo a true, spiritual religion, and if so, are people willing to tolerate it? In today’s society, religious tolerance of different groups of people or cultures is very important. By understanding and accepting the differences of real versus imaginary using Voodoo as theRead MorePaganism Essay1851 Words   |  8 Pagesof the branches of Paganism, it is a polytheistic practice and is prevalent most commonly in the United Kingdom. Druidry is closely aligned with the ancient practices of Wicca, it is based on ancient Celtic Druidism. Astru is rapidly growing but is still the smallest, it is most prevalent in Iceland, Germany, and Scandinavia. Even though Wicca, Druidism, and Astru are very closely related, they all developed independently. Kabbalah is a practice where the mystical and magical aspects came in, itRead MoreQuest for People- Centered Orgnization and Ethical Conduct2253 Words   |  10 Pages†¢ â€Å"If you treat your employees as unique individuals, they ’ll be loyal to you and they’ll perform— and your business will perform, too.† Pg 36 †¢ â€Å"People aren’t your â€Å"greatest asset†Ã¢â‚¬â€they’re your only asset.† Pg 37 †¢ seven people-centered practices to be strongly associated with much higher profits and significantly lower employee turnover: o Job security (to eliminate fear of layoffs). o Careful hiring (emphasizing a good fit with the company culture). o Power to the people (via decentralizationRead Moreimpact of western culture on india2565 Words   |  11 Pages1. 4. Compile the books of prayers, songs, and stories, and with translations, and make them available to everyone. 5. Make the proper and benevolent images to worship where and when it is helpful. 6. Construct centers for prayer, worship, and practice. Such centers are the basis of preserving the culture and offering education in them. 7. Congregate together regularly, and be supportive toward one another. 8. Celebrate and enjoy your festivals, and know and discuss the meaning of them so theyRead MoreThe Novel The Monomyth 3316 Words   |  14 Pagesthe accident (the pond) which represents the bottomless pool of the subconscious into the hero (the princess) is about to journey (emotionally and spiritually). Campbell says the call of adventure â€Å"destiny has summoned the Hero and transferred his spiritual center of gravity from within the pale of his society to a zone unknown.† II. Refusal of the Call a. Campbell says that in many stories, myths, and fairy tales the Hero refuses The Call to Adventure and ends up captive. This can happen physicallyRead MoreWorship and Music1824 Words   |  8 Pagesboth into the service. This is often a good way to bring members of all generations together in one congregation rather than separating the old and the young between contemporary and traditional worship style services. Culture dictates worship and practice in emerging church styles. This is seen in the fact that the emerging church relies upon incense, art, images, and experiences to draw near to God and to worship Him.  God says to worship Him in spirit and in truth (John 4:24), but the emerging church

Music And Its Effect On Education - 888 Words

Music incorporated into education is very beneficial in numerous ways. Having music apart of your classroom will stimulate a student socially, cognitively, emotionally, and physically. One does not need to have to be knowledgeable about music to incorporate it into your classroom. Bringing Education to Life with Music Incorporating music into education courses will further achievement in multiple areas of learning. Education combined with music accommodates building language, confidence, creativity, open mindedness, and a stress free student. Also, it enhances brain development, physical coordination, and memory, visual and listening skills. Music makes learning exciting and enjoyable. I feel that every classroom/school should have songs, cheers, and chants it will suppot a sense of community, belonging, and purpose. Songs and chants can be useful in the classroom for transitions, memorization tools, and brain breaks. Playing a song or saying a chant for transitions between lessons or cleanup will maintain the transitions flow smoothly and assist students to identify different parts of the day. When using music to transition in the classroom, its best to state guidelines such as, clean up should be done before the song ends, singing shouldn’t be louder than the music, and mild dancing is encouraged. Help control a classroom environment Playing or singing a welcome song when students enter the classroom may encourage them to feel welcome and ready to learn.Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Music On Music Education1002 Words   |  5 Pagesinstead of practice violin music is proven to make you smarter. When a child particularly at a young age learns how to play an instrument preferably in a social setting is provides the brain of that child with extra dopamine, new neurological connections, better behavior, and higher test scores. Schools are turning to new programs to aid music education and there are many reasons to support their decision. Music has been proven over many studies to show a connection to education. Evidence of this hasRead MoreMusic Education And Its Effect On Education1661 Words   |  7 Pagesreferred to a life without music as a mistake (â€Å"Don’t†). Unfortunately, many children never get the opportunity to discover the fulfillment that music can bring to their lives. They are denied this chance by an unfair educational system. Music education is beneficial to the student throughout his entire life, thus it should not be cast aside and neglected as it often is in the public school system today, but instead schools should do just the opposite; treat music education as a priority. The evidenceRead MoreMusic And Its Effect On Education Essay1887 Words   |  8 PagesMusic is fascinating because there are so many different uses and styles. It is an enjoyable way to help the brain grow and develop. Plato once said, â€Å"I would teach children music, physics, and philosophy; but most importantly music, for the patterns in music and all the arts are the keys to learning.† Music classes should be part of the required core curriculum through all four years of high school; however, some schools don’t have the money to support these programs, despite the many benefits itRead MoreThe Effects Of Music Education On Mainstream Education Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pagesanswering if music education has enough crossover benefit to include it into our mainstream education. Two scholarly articles, a blog, a personal story and an online article were selected and consulted to find the answer to this question. Many authors in many articles had minimal criticism of music education and most were in favor of music education. Findings were that yes, music education does in fact have enough crossover benefit to include it into mainstream education. Music education may be timeRead MoreThe Importance and Effects of Music Education Essay examples1944 Words   |  8 Pages Music evaluated as a subjects that is many times overlooked. If a school seems to have financial trouble, then music and art programs are the first to get cut. Essentially, students do not need them to succeed and they are just hobbies. This is the mindset that many school boards have towards music education. I have had the pleasure of being involved in music from a young age. My schools did not offer music programs, but my parents saw an opportunity in music education so they decided to lookRead MoreThe Effects Of Music Education On Children s Learning And How The Length Of Teaching Essay1611 Words   |  7 Pages young children have curious minds leading new discoveries based on their capabilities. We introduce new motives to children in order for them to grow and develop. Some may introduce sports; others may introduce math or science. Some maybe even a music instrument or some paint. The Arts plays an important role in a child’s expression, creativity, and academic achievement. Primarily in elementary and middle school it’s important for young kids to be exposed to an extracurricular that helps set basicRead MoreThe Effects Of Music Education On Children s Brain Development, Intelligence Quotient, Social Development And Overall Success3469 Words   |  14 PagesSings Good News for Musicians Historically, there has been a debate among educators and researchers whether music education plays a significant role in a child’s brain development, intelligence quotient, social development and overall success in life. Many believe the data has been unreliable because there is little to prove with absolute certainty that those who participate in music education were not just born smarter. On the other hand, substantial data has been collected in recent years that seemsRead MoreSample Bibliography : 20 Important Benefits Of Music1035 Words   |  5 PagesAnnotated Bibliography â€Å"20 Important Benefits of Music In Our Schools.† National Association for Music Education, 21 July 2014, www.nafme.org/20-important-benefits-of-music-in-our-schools/. This source is an online article from a credible source: The National Association for Music Education (NAFME). The actual author is unknown. This source presents twenty significant advantages of music in schools. The advantages presented are actual facts due to studies performed. This article is important to myRead MoreThe Current State Of The Cambodian Traditional Music Revival And The Large Impact Of Cultural Music Education1539 Words   |  7 Pagesto see the current state of the Cambodian traditional music revival and the large impact of cultural music education, it fails to see the external benefits of this music that promotes â€Å"a culture of peace, global citizenship, and appreciation of cultural diversity and its contribution to sustainable development†.29 This cultural benefit is one of the biggest answers to the question of why this music education and the survival of traditional music is important. Despite the lack of coverage this elementRead MoreEssay on Resear ched Argument1124 Words   |  5 Pagesbeginning of time, music has been an important part of people’s lives. However, today, it seems that the number of people who advocate the everlasting presence of music is dwindling, and the number of people only concerned with economic stability and the core curriculum in schools is rising. Budgets in schools are being cut, and the music programs are usually at the beginning of the list when a particular area is to be disbanded. Action is being taken against the loss of music education in schools,

Iago Suffering Through Evil - 1471 Words

What is it that makes a person evil? Is it their actions, their words, or their thoughts? Is it more acceptable if â€Å"the end justifies the means†? Telling a lie that doesn’t have a negative effect on anyone, and that saves someone grief, is considered good. So why is killing someone to save others considered bad? The morality of an action is based solely on the outcome. Thus, doing anything whatsoever that is required to get the desired result, regardless of the methods used, would be considered â€Å"ok† if the result was of a good nature. Human nature is hardwired in us through the brain. So, human nature, being good or evil, is hardwired in us as well. It is our choice whether or not to act on these thoughts of sinful nature. For Iago, he not†¦show more content†¦Iago’s combination of military habits and displaying them in his personal affairs make him somewhat of a lethal weapon. Years of military experience have damaged his filter of what is morally right to do in normal society and what is not. In his pursuit of revenge and justice, he becomes unbothered by moral values in an ordinary sense because he has his own objectives to reach. The honorable, efficient, and virtuous qualities that he displayed on the battlefield of Rhodes and Cyprus become disreputable in personal and private affairs. In such a case you can almost call Iago a psychopath. He is not bothered by moral values when he has a goal to reach. But â€Å"his deeds are, in reality, nothing but the application, by a professional soldier without private ethics, of military tactics to private and personal affairs† (McCloskey). In this frame of mind, he is a villain because he moves from an atmosphere where the actions are proper to another atmosphere where they are unsuitable. Iago suffers from â€Å"ethical blindness†, â€Å"which prevents him from seeing that the methods of war† are not equally appropriate in all situations. Iago is thoroughly narcissistic and unsympathetic towards the emotions he provokes from his actions. Hiss lack of a conscience and remorse â€Å"is one of the central features of psychopathy† (West). His motives exhibit more of an afterthought instead of a catalyst towards the actions he perpetuates. He isShow MoreRelatedOthello: Good vs Evil1525 Words   |  7 PagesGood Or Evil: A Critical Analysis of Othello’s Main Characters William Shakespeare’s Othello is a classic depiction of a struggle between good and evil. In the play,, the characters are faced with the choice to either conquer or succumb to the overpowering force of evil. Shakespeare places his characters on a sort of spectrum in which a character’s amount of god or evil can be represented by a shade of color: black representing pure evil, white representing absolute goodness, and a shade of greyRead MoreHuman Nature And Evil Nature1227 Words   |  5 Pagesenvironment, allowed their evil nature to triumph and, as a result, abused the civil rights of others. Throughout history, literature has portrayed this transgression of human nature and revealed evil’s presence, goals, motives, and strategies. His cunning tactics cause Eve to disobey and betray God, resulting in both her and Adam’s banishment from Heaven. Satan’s transformation has not only elucidated the contrast between good and evil but also created an irreversible suffering for his victims. HumansRead MoreOthello Character Analysis964 Words   |  4 Pagescharacters that stand for different matters and that also have different beliefs. These characters go through tragedies which causes corruption for them all. Behind all of this madness is a character named Iago. Iago is an evil villain that causes harm to everyone that gets in his way. He cares for no one, yet he devotes his whole life to revenge, rather than just walking away. In the play, Iago is a dominate and persuasive leader who has the talent for understanding and manipulating the others aroundRead MoreOthello: The Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Play1219 Words   |  5 Pagesdramatic tragedy, destined for downfall, suffering and defeat. The chara cter has a fatal flaw, with combined external forces brings on a tragedy. In William Shakespeare’s play, Othello, it is a play of revenge, anger, jealousy, heartbreak and remorse. Set in the streets of Venice and Cyprus, Othello is the general of the Venetian army, and chose Cassio to be his lieutenant, with Iago who was appointed to Othello’s ancient was very angry about this decision. Iago thinks he deserved the role of lieutenantRead More Iago of William Shakespeares Othello Essay1546 Words   |  7 PagesIago of William Shakespeares Othello Who is Iago? Iago poisons peoples thoughts, creating ideas in their heads without implicating himself. His first victim is Roderigo. Roderigo remarks, That thou, Iago, who hast had my purse as if the strings were thine. [Act I, Scene I, Line 2] Throughout the play, Iago leads Roderigo, professing that . . . I do hate [the Moor] as I do Hell pains. [Act I, Scene I, Line 152] He tells Roderigo to Put money in thy purse [Act I, Scene III, Line 328]Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth Vs. Othello1006 Words   |  5 Pagesbe admirable but flawed, someone the audience can sympathize with, and someone capable of good and evil. The main character must also have a doctrine of free will, in which they are able to redeem themselves, but they continue to fall freely in a downward spiral from a position of superiority. The audience must also be able to see themselves acting in the same way, and the protagonist’s suffering must be greater than their offense. Macbeth is the true tragi c hero, because he displays all of theRead MoreOthello : An Argumentative Essay1585 Words   |  7 PagesOthello:​An Argumentative Essay Inside each of us, there is a seed of good and evil since it is a constant struggle for us to determine as to which one will win, so that is why one cannot exist without the other. However, there are some whose emotions are unbalanced, which causes them to near towards one side more than the other one  ­Ã‚ ­ and many times the side a lot of people prefer to lean on is evil. Shakespeare’s play O​thello​is set in 16th ­century Venice and Cyprus. Othello, a noble black generalRead MoreHow does Iago manipulate Othello, Cassio, and Roderigo?1533 Words   |  7 Pagesworld of temptations, failures, and suffering. In fact, every person has weaknesses, and there is always a possibility that someone will use those feeble points against that man. Shakespeares play Othello shows an example of how one can control others exploiting their weaknesses and the consequences of such actions. The character of Iago, the antagonist in the tragedy Othello, instigates chaos, deception, and gross manipulation. He is the center of all the evil events in the play. He manages t o completelyRead MoreThe Antagonist, Shakespeare1405 Words   |  6 Pagesexperiencing will remember. Part of the way this is accomplished is through the characters, not always the protagonist, but the antagonist as well. The villain of the story is an individual the audience will pay close attention to and attempt to understand as the storyline unfolds. â€Å"There’s something about antagonists that, I think, inherently fascinates us as readers. We all get at least a little curious about what leads someone to become ‘evil,’ why it is they do what they do, and so on. And consideringRead More Web of Deceit in Shakespeares Othello Essay1061 Words   |  5 Pages Web of Deceit in Othellonbsp;nbsp; Shakespeare’s Othello portrays a process through which pure evil has an effect on love and morality. The character of Iago twists Othello into killing his wife, and eventually himself, through manipulating Othello’s trust and loyalty. Iago uses the handkerchief as a symbol through which Othello is convinced of Desdemona’s unfaithfulness. This handkerchief plays many roles throughout Othello. Because of the importance placed upon this object, the driving force

Implementing A Successful Marketing Plan Essay - 2210 Words

Executive Summary For implementing a successful marketing plan, consideration of different functional areas of business support of senior executives and understanding of available resources and capabilities of the firm is imperative. The concept of marketing plan and its purpose of a company is elaborated in this report. In addition, this report presents a discussion about the different sections that should be included in an effective marketing plan of a food product. These sections are evaluation of environment such as PEST and competitive analysis and SWOT analysis. The objectives of the marketing plan, along with the market segmentation and consumer analysis are also important sections for the managers to include. Further, the significance of different marketing strategies, budget and control process are also elaborated in this report for the food marketing plan. Introduction At the present time, in order to establish a product in the market, it is considerable for the business organizations to adopt unique marketing activities and strategies. A marketing plan can be elaborated as an integrated approach or process to deal with the dynamic business environment and foresee future. In addition, a marketing plan is also important to understand the varying consumer buying behavior, to serve them in a finest way and provide them a high level of satisfaction (Kotler, et al., 2013). The idea of marketing is associated with the introducing strategies and tactics to advertiseShow MoreRelatedCase Study Of The Lean Kaizen Heinz Ketchup Plan733 Words   |  3 PagesThe Lean Kaizen Heinz Ketchup Plan The continuous cycle of Kaizen activity has seven phases (Choudhury, 2017). First starting with identifying any opportunities or what’s important. Next, the Kaizen cycle involves analyzing the process, developing an optimal solution and implementing the solution. Once the solutions are implemented, studying the results are crucial to determine the success (Choudhury, 2017). Finally, standardizing the successful solutions and planning for the future will takeRead MoreKudler Fine Foods Marketing Research1284 Words   |  6 PagesKudler Fine Foods Marketing Research Kudler Fine Foods Marketing Research Marketing research is important for all companies. A company must research the areas they hope to expand and know if they can be successful in that area before they ever decide to open up a new store. Marketing research will inform a company what will sell and what will not sell in an area and the main focus of a company should be researching the customers in the area and knowing competitive intelligence. If aRead MoreMarketing Analysis : E Marketing Essay1460 Words   |  6 PagesRecently, e-Marketing (EM) has been used by different companies to advertise their services and products (Mokhtar, 2015, p.1). e-Marketing means offering services and products using electronic tools and technologies. El-Gohery (2010, p.3) defined it as a new concept that is used to reach ideas, information and services to customer by using internet. Also, Chaffey (2007, p.1) focused on using the best communications methods to gain customer satisfaction. The main objective of e-Marketing is to attractRead MoreContingency Plan1552 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Implementation, Strategic Controls, and Contingency Plan Tonya Starks STR/581 December 8, 2014 Instructor: Braford James Abstract Apple Inc. is a global innovator of the MacBook, tablets, iPhones, iPods, and other innovative products. Apple is the leader in the electronic market sector for innovative product growth and development. The implementation plan will explain the strategic controls and contingency plan for the organization along with an implementation process. This will allowRead MoreThe World Is Not A Stagnant Entity1688 Words   |  7 Pagescompany to keep up with competitors, customer demand, and trends. While a company needs to be able to adjust and grow, these strategies cannot be set in stone. Refusal to change actually hinders the capacity to innovate and diversify product lines, marketing, pricing models, and development. A key factor to recognize is that expansion and diversification are not the same. For example, opening a second retail outlet in a new town simply expands your business. But adding a new product or service lineRead MoreOrganizational Development Case Study741 Words   |  3 PagesSpecial Skills: * Strategic planning development As a returning leader to the Native American Student Association, I oversaw the creation of a five-year strategic plan for organizational growth and engagement with the UT Vol-Vision 2020 master plan. *Organizational development As a sophomore at UT, I saw a need to recognize and support Native American students and culture. With guidance from faculty advisors, we created founding documents for a new student organization. *Nonprofit leadership/managementRead MoreEnterprise Risk Management1609 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract This paper discusses how a company can successfully implement the Enterprise Risk Management based on COSO guidelines. This paper discusses a step by step process of the implementation plan at Dell Inc, the responsibilities of the workforce and management, the risk mitigation approach and how to monitor the activities successfully. Enterprise Risk Management In the wake of all the financial scandals, a variety of laws and regulations have been passed which makes the board of directorsRead MoreMarketing Project Failures : What Can Be Learned?1008 Words   |  5 PagesMahalinghem, Umesh Shirsat SUBJECT: Group #5 – Marketing Project Failures: What Can Be Learned? This report focusses on the various reasons that many marketing strategies of companies do not work as planned. It highlights the failures that companies have encountered while marketing their products. This will help the readers understand the importance of having a strong marketing strategy. It will also guide them on how to avoid such marketing failures and the need to strengthen the brand imageRead MoreManaging A Successful Fashion Brand Essay1479 Words   |  6 PagesManaging a Successful Fashion Brand As a brand manager it is important to understand the role of a creator of a brand when partnering in a business relationship. A brand manager working specifically in the fashion industry is responsible for ensuring the success of a designer’s product line with its consumers. They are known as the point-person for developing, implementing, and executing marketing initiatives and activities for their brand. (Brand Manager Job Description | Paladin Staffing). LearningRead MoreBandon Group, Integrated case study Essay1225 Words   |  5 Pagestargeted marketing (Sumner, 2005). The dilemma was to decide whether the system should be centralized or decentralized. The implementation of the CRM softwares in the divisions were decentralized and the division mangers were seeking better management information but they were encountering data relational problem. In general, when we look at the current IT situation especially the use and implementation of CRM and OMD application, it is into lerable. The problem get worse when the company plans to expand

Humans Free Essays

Humans like to be treated equally and fairly. Whats different about animals? Just like humans animals should be able to live their life not having to worry about being slaughtered every second of the day. The first argument for why people should not eat animals is for the reason that animals can feel pain, sorrow, happiness, and grief just like humans can. We will write a custom essay sample on Humans or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yet we treat them differently because they don’t have the capability of communicating. Humans are the most dominant and sophisticated creatures on earth and target animals because they are incapable of demanding their freedom and happiness. Dirk verbeuren once said â€Å"Every living creature has the right to live ethically† This statement is indisputable however only 31 percent of the worlds population truly believes that. Many people assume that animals have no feelings and emotions due to the fact that they cant speak in a language humans can understand. In 1995 masson j. Mccarthy wrote â€Å"When elephants weep: The emotional lives of animals†. This book talks about the emotions elephants feel and the way humans treat them. This book makes our population truly think about how we treat animals as a whole. The average american meat-eater is responsible for the abuse and death of 90 animals per year. Becoming a vegetarian will save the lives of many innocent animals. The second reason on why people should not eat animals is because of the effect it has on the environment. Livestock alone counts for more tham 14% of greenhouse gas emissions. A vegan of vegetarian diet could cut those emissions by 70%. Of all the agriculture land in the united states, 87% is used to raise animals for food. It takes 2,500 gallons of water to produce a pound of meat, but only 25 gallons to produce a pound of wheat. Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide together cause the vast majority of global warming. Producing a little more than 2 pounds of beef causes more greenhouse gas emissions than driving a small car for three hours. The environmental protection agency reports that approximately 80 percent of ammonia emissions in the U.S. Comes from animal waste. Consuming and producing meat predominately affects the quality and quantity of the earths water. Eating animals will eventually destroy the environment and hurt the population in a tremendous way. The last reason for not eating meat is for the benefit of peoples health. A vegetarian diet decreases the chance of cancer and diabetes in both men and women. According to an article in the journal of the national cancer institute, women who eat meat daily are more likely to develop breast cancer. Vegetarians have also shown to have lower blood pressure, better digestion, and more energy than humans with a meat based diet. Not eating meat will also reduce your risk of a food-born illness. The cdc reports that food-born illnesses account for over 325,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths in the united states. Finally, eating less or even no meat will reduce the risks of heart attacks and other heart related conditions. Not eating meat will improve the quality of life and further prevent sickness. There is no way to ethically eat animals. Every day there are millions of animals being tortured and killed just so the humans population can enjoy them. The environment, our health, and our morals are all reasons to become a vegetarian. Peta once said â€Å"The only time factory animals get to feel the warmth of the sun on their backs or breath in fresh air is when they are loaded onto trucks bound for slaughter.† These animals will never get to raise families or roll around in the grass and feel the sun beaming on their face. They are crammed in tiny cages until the day they are killed to be feed to someone to enjoy. The lives of animals are just as important as humans lives and becoming a vegetarian will help many innocent animals. If you don’t like to feel pain and sorrow, why would they? How to cite Humans, Papers

Human Resource Development

Question : Discuss about the Human Resource Development ? Answer : Introduction Human resource management is an effective way through which an organization can increase employee performance. It is primary concerned with increasing the people efficiency within the organization and focus on creating an effective system inside an organization. HR is concerned with providing with creating the best opportunities for the employees in order to provide them with a strategic benefit. It is however concerned with managing organizational change in response to the environment in order to balance the requirements as per the collective bargaining power and governmental law. It is the duty of the human resource department to organize the training and development of employees in accordance with the companys standard[1]. The purpose of the report is to understand the necessity of training and development of the employees at workplace in order to increase capabilities. The report provides vision of company to provide management development programme. The purpose of the program is to develop an innovative approach among the employees. It is completely understood that the companies under the global competition need to outperform. It has become a pivotal part for an organization to develop such human resource policies so that they can attain a desired market position. Purpose of an effective training and development program is to effectively manage the employees. This will help in creating an effective work environment[2]. Acorn is an award-winning recruitment and training organization making an annual turnover of 100m. The company places approximately 5500 permanent employees every year. It is known as a famous regional recruiter and development agency delivering effective training to employees. They have dedicated 30 HR professional providing training to 3000 personnel every year. They have a strong market reputation in developing employees through there management development program. The program is made according to the requirement of their clients in order to provide with an advantage against the other competitors. The report is based on developing the skills of the top level personnel to meet the changing trend in the resort management. The challenge is to practically manage the organization through evolving different business skills[3]. The report envisages the procedure to meet requirements of the client in order to meet the changing business needs. The purpose of development program is to measure the achievements by developing a comprehensive training and development program. The whole process includes four meetings and four training programs over a period of two months. Programme objective The objective of the program is to provide senior managers with an essential training for developing operational teams so that they can achieve long term sustainable goals. Senior managers will provide training to the other employee who in return will help in creating a sustainable market position. The whole program will be designed keeping in mind the needs of the market. It is the necessity to develop the training programme as per the market in order to give a quick response to the growing market needs[4]. There is a necessity to identify the ongoing training requirements in order to develop the middle level management. The ongoing training and development program is focused on creating needs of the organization by simulating the market growth[5]. The purpose is to focus on the development program in order to support the corporate culture that will help in attracting and retaining new employees. Training structure need to be comprehensive that help in structuring the necessities of the business[6]. The programme needs to be tailored according to the demanding schedule and work environment in order to accommodate the requirements. The main focus of the programme is to develop the employee according to the competitive requirements. The current market is very aggressive and there is a need to develop the programs according to the competitors[7]. Significance of assessing training needs The Assessment of training and development programme should be methodical and comprehensive in nature. An organization has to upgrade its training and development procedure in order to remain competitive. There is a necessity to develop training and development programme on the basis of latest technology in order to manage the job. Employees who are moving up in the ladder need to get a proper training to develop managerial and leadership skills training and development helps in managing the organization. In the given case study Acorn needs to develop a comprehensive training and development programme in order to meet the basic requirements[8]. Once the training needs are identified the Human resource department needs to prepare a required checklist in order to meet the needs. This will however provide with an effective tools to manage the employees on the basis of the skills they have. Development of the matrix would ensure that the plan regarding the training structure in a well de fined manner. There is a necessity to identify the specific needs pertaining to the current competitive market. The purpose is to make the managers accustomed to the different needs that are associated with the organization. The construction of matrix will help in analyzing the gap in between the current and required situation[9]. Training needs should be finalized in accordance with the training structure in order to focus upon the whole process. The matrix needs to be utilized in accordance with the compatibility with the organizational goals. There are many discussions that are related with the cultural gap in the organization. Training programme is selected in accordance with the organizational needs. There is a necessity to train all the employees about the organizational policies in making the requisite changes. Human resource function is to provide a symmetric procedure in order to assimilate the requirements in accordance with the culture in which they are working. Training is one of the basic functions in an organization and it is important to develop an effective procedure so that the employees can give maximum attention to the problem. The alignment of the training programme should be in accordance with the mission of the organization[10]. Training methods and techniques help in ensuring a set of new skills and learning procedure. The senior manager needs to be trained in accordance with the consistency with the technical and soft skills[11]. The current training program ensure that the senior manager therefore receive an effective work knowledge through management development program. Training methods include different types of tools that help in guaranteeing effective result. It is an effective procedure for the trainer to use various different types of tools that will help in guaranteeing effective results. The experimental training development program needs to be person centric focusing upon the distinguished requirements[12]. The training struc ture will therefore enable the managers to effectively manage the changes occurring in an organization and to cope up with the conflict. This will moreover help in enabling team to motivate each other in order to solve problems. The skills of an individual are directly converted into a practical experience which will help in attaining results. The purpose of the program is to enable long-term career path which will ensure success in different venture. It is necessary to understand that by investing on the senior personnel the company will effectively attain good results[13]. The purpose of the whole programme is to attain significant result. The purpose is to train the employees in case of arraigning the organizational goals. The corporate objectives of the business can only be attained by focusing on the goals[14]. Developing an improvised human resource management plan is to attain the objectives by creating procedural goals. The participants in the programme will learn organizational strategic plan that contributes toward an effective plan. The training programme explains the current and future challenges pertaining to the human resource. The purpose of the programme is to train the employees in executing their duties. For individual it helps in building human resource knowledge that help in planning and development procedure[15]. It is necessary to understand how the human resource planning will effectively create a positive impact on the organizational culture. Senior manager will identify their role in human resource planning and their role in managing the situation in accordance with the organizational strategy[16]. It helps in assessing the performance management in order to understand the role of all the employees working in the organization. Moreover this technique of human resource de velopment will ensure that the HR planning will effectively contributes toward the organizational strategy. Individuals will learn the process in which the gap in between the current and future human resource management can be managed[17]. For an organization the training and development programme will create a better understanding in order to gain competitiveness. The senior manager has to manage various roles in the organization. He is the one who has to provide guidelines to the lower level management. In this case it is essential to provide an effective training so that the employees can attain desired results within the requisite time-period. He has to integrate the human resource planning in order to improvise the overall business strategies. They need to improvise the techniques in according to the generic needs that help in organizing the training and development programs. This will guarantee that the employees will effectively work in order to produce effective results.[18] Training and development programme is effectively helping them in executing the policies in a better and effective manner. The senior personnel will gain competitiveness against different objects. This will help them in becoming responsible personnel in allocating his duty. The purpose of Acorn is to imbibe effective human resource programme so that the organization can attain effective results. Training and development has become one of the important tools that need to be implemented by the employees in order to derive progressive result. The training program needs to be developed keeping in mind the organizational structure so that the employees are ready to focus on individual goals as well[19]. Overall training programme involve 12 modules that last for a day. End of the module help in understanding the key behavior of an individual in the organization. This will however help in evaluating the performance of an individual. This programme will help the managers to effectively contribute towards the problem by contributing effectively. Relevant theories It is proposed that the Personal Styles Questionnaires need to be given in order to understand the necessity of the whole training program. By filling the forms one can understand the requirements that need to be filled in order to continue the human resource planning. This will help in understanding the preference of the managers. The training program will be developed according to the need of the organization. Personal style questionnaire helps in identifying the issues. Purpose of an effective training and development program is to effectively manage the employees. This will help the organization to develop effective plan in order to attain objectives. The matrix needs to be utilized in accordance with the compatibility with the organizational goals. There are many discussions that are related with the cultural gap in the organization. Training programme is selected in accordance with the organizational needs[20]. AMO Theory This theory is based on the three components (Ability, Motivation and Objectives). Thus it helps in creating a better understanding among the employees. This theory is developing performance of employees by focusing on them. This theory aims to create a proper understanding among the employees that guarantees focus on their job in an effectual manner. The purpose of the training program is to motivate the employees so that they can give effective result. For an organization the training and development programme will create a better understanding in order to gain competitiveness. The purpose of training is to increase their ability to adopt the adverse situations. The employees can attain effective result in the situation when they are more ready to adopt the changes. These training programmes increase their ability to fight against adverse culture. They get an ability to understand the competitiveness rising in the surrounding. Effective training and development programme creates a competitive edge. Senior managers will provide training to the other employee who in return will help in creating a sustainable market position[21]. The main focus of the programme is to develop the employee according to the competitive requirements. In the given scenario, making effective recommendations according to the present need is necessay. The current training program ensure that the senior manager therefore receive an effective work knowledge through management development program. The purpose of the management development programme is to provide managers with a proper training so that they can combat against the changes occurring in the surroundings[22]. Alderfers ERG Theory This theory is based on the Maslow theory which focuses on existence, relatedness and growth. The needs of an individual are material in nature that needs to be managed effectively. The social need include the interpersonal relationship among the people and the developmental needs are related to person development and psychological growth. In a distinguished atmosphere it has become important to develop a proper training programme in order to meet the desired needs. The alignment of the training programme should be in accordance with the mission of the organization. . Employees who are moving up in the ladder need to get a proper training to develop managerial and leadership skills training and development helps in managing the organization. The necessity related to the training and development is necessary in order to meet the psychological growth[23]. Recommendation In order to establish an effective training and development programme it is necessary to ensure that the employees are contributing towards the organizational goals. It is the duty of the managers to drive the organization towards attainment of group results. Training and development programme need to be developed according to the employees so that they can meet the future challenges. Training and development programme need to increase the capability of the employees so that they can become more productive for the organization. In todays competitive scenario it has become necessary to provide effective training so that the employees can adjust in a different business atmosphere. The employees therefore need to understand the requirement of such programme. The employer needs to make an effective investment on the employees so that they can understand the various work culture. In the diversified economy it has become important for an organization to adapt themselves towards the growing changes[24]. Those who do not understand the changes lack in making a difference on the coming generation. In the recent time it is seen that people are getting accustomed to the changing needs. They have a better understanding in generating business opportunities according to the surrounding. It is highly recommended that the training and development programme need to be implemented for a longer time period. This will however help in understanding the situation of the employees and the culture. They will be adhered to give an effective result if provided with an effective training and development programme[25]. Employees need to understand that the overall employee development is only possible through consistent training programme. Outsourcing the training and development programme will therefore reduce the burden on the organization to meet the growing needs. They can focus on their inner capacities. Moreover the organization can only develop effectively if they are more concrete towards development of the effective work environment. Large size business organization needs to implement more training and development programme so that they can understand the situation arising in the organization. Acorn understands that there is a necessity to focus on developing a proper an effective environment by providing senior managers with the on-the-job training. Implementation of an effective training and development structure will somehow allow the organization to give multi-fold result. It is however necessary for an organization to sustain against the growing competition occurring in the surrounding. It develops inner capabilities of the employees and allows them to grow more efficiently in a cohesive business environment. It is not easy for an organization to implement policies in a day but the training and development programmes create an effective situation through which the employees can grow more efficiently. Technique of human resource development will ensure that the HR planning will effectively contributes toward the organizational strategy. The job design and structure need to be implemented in a manner which promotes effective growth in an organization[26]. Making a right investment at the right time is the necessity of a training and development programme. Most of the employer is making an investment towards the training and development programmes so that the employees can achieve desired result. These training and development programmes help in enhancing the overall productivity in an organization. There is a necessity to revamp and improve the learning structure in an organization so that the employees can give effective result. It is recommended that the senior managers need to ignite the passion in the employees. There duty is to develop the employees in an effective manner so that they can give good results. In the complex work environment the employees can produce results so that they can organize the work environment. It is the duty of the senior manager to promote the interest of the employees working in the organization so that they outperform. These programmes add value by developing knowledge and skills in few months. Managers are overbu rdened with responsibilities in order to manage the organization. This provides them with an opportunity to teach the employees with the career development of the subordinates. The development and growth process in an organization plays a vital role in managing the organization in order to attain long lasting result. This will simultaneously help in increasing the cost efficiencies providing progressive results [27]It is necessary that the organization should provide with a flexible learning programme as it will engage more employees in the organization. The company will respond efficiently towards the problem arising out of any such situation. Creating team and providing them with proper training will create an adjustable atmosphere to attain effective result. Employees can understand their role in the organization. This will however help in learning efficiently. It is however necessary for an organization to develop according t the growing culture. When an organization develops according to the surrounding it will provide them with more diversified opportunities to grow. Employees can outperform in such a situation. They can understand there surrounding efficiently[28]. It is recommended that the business organization must allocate a budget for the purpose to attain better results. It is a pre-requisite in every organization in order to develop efficiently. Employees can grow if the organization has focused all the resources on developing more result oriented mechanism. In a diversified business environment employees can only perform efficiently if they are more focused towards there responsibilities. Creating more awareness about the project and by disclosing the overall procedure will help the organization to attain significant result[29]. Lastly it is more significant that the organization need to implement the growth strategies that are more human centric. This will help in simulating the effectiveness in the organization by helping them to create a better training and development plan. . It is necessary to understand how the human resource planning will effectively create a positive impact on the organizational culture. Creating efficiency at the workplace will create a better atmosphere in reference to the future needs. Conclusion The report includes the entire necessary plan to implement a successful job design for the senior managers in order to compete against the competitors. It is seen in the business environment that the organization can grow multifold if proper training is given to the employees. Most importantly the employees need to focus on developing an effective plan so that the employees can understand the importance of planning and development in the environment. Employees can implement better understanding if they have developed a better training structure. It is necessary objective in an organization that the employees must focus on developing more effective goal oriented policies. Overall training programme involve 12 modules that last for a day. End of the module help in understanding the key behavior of an individual in the organization. The purpose of the training and development programme is to create competent employees. These employees will adopt the situation according to the change in the environment. In a multinational organization it is a necessity to inculcate training and development programme regularly so that the employees can incorporate such programmes more effectively in their daily schedule. The program is made according to the requirement of their clients in order to provide with an advantage against the other competitors[30]. The report is based on developing the skills of the top level personnel to meet the changing trend in the resort management. The management has to provide effective training to the low level manager so that they can incorporate the changes in an effective manner. He has to integrate the human resource planning in order to improvise the overall business strategies. They need to improvise the techniques in according to the generic needs that help in organizing the training and development programs. The role can effectively be carried forward if the manager performs his duty more carefully. References Abdullah, H., "Major challenges to the effective management of human resource training and development activities."The Journal of International Social Research2, no. 8 (2009): 11-25. Armstrong, M., and Stephen T.,Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers, 2014. Boxall, P, and John,P.,Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011 Bratton, J., and Jeff G.,Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. Caulton,J., "The development and use of the theory of erg: A literature review."Emerging Leadership Journeys5, no. 1 (2012): 2-8. Dowling, P.International human resource management: Managing people in a multinational context. Cengage Learning, 2008. Hendry, C., Human resource management, Routledge, 2012. Jehanzeb, K. and Nadeem B., "Training and development program and its benefits to employee and organization: A conceptual study."Training and Development5, no. 2 (2013). Joy-Matthews, Jennifer, David M., and Mark S.,Human resource development. Kogan Page Publishers, 2004. Kozlowski, S., and Eduardo S.,Learning, training, and development in organizations. Taylor Francis, 2009. McGuire, D.,Human resource development. Sage, 2014. Olaniyan, D. A., and Lucas B. Ojo. "Staff training and development: a vital tool for organisational effectiveness."European Journal of Scientific Research24, no. 3 (2008): 326-331. Ortmeier, P., and Edwin M.Leadership, ethics, and policing: Challenges for the 21st century. Prentice Hall, 2010. Paauwe, J., "HRM and performance: Achievements, methodological issues and prospects."Journal of Management studies46, no. 1 (2009): 129-142. Raymond A., John H., Barry G., and Patrick, W. Fundamentals of human resource management. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2007. Richard,O.., and Nancy J., "Strategic human resource management effectiveness and firm performance."International Journal of Human Resource Management12, no. 2 (2001): 299-310. Schuler, Randall S., and Susan J.,Strategic human resource management. John Wiley Sons, 2008. Srinath, K. "Human resource development." 2003. Storey, John.Human resource management: A critical text. Cengage Learning EMEA, 2007. Truss, C., David M., and Clare K.,Strategic human resource management. Oxford University Press, 2012. Werner, J. and Randy S.,Human resource development. Cengage Learning, 2011. [1] Hendry, C., Human resource management, Routledge, 2012. [2] Boxall, P, and John,P.,Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011 [3] Raymond A., John H., Barry G., and Patrick, W. Fundamentals of human resource management. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2007. [4] Dowling, P.International human resource management: Managing people in a multinational context. Cengage Learning, 2008. [5] Bratton, J., and Jeff G.,Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. [6] Schuler, Randall S., and Susan J.,Strategic human resource management. John Wiley Sons, 2008. [7] Harzing, A, and Ashly .,International human resource management. Sage, 2010. [8] Sparrow, P.,Chris B., and Chul C.,Globalizing human resource management. Routledge, 2016. [9] Bakker, A. and Michael L.,Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and research. Psychology Press, 2010. [10] Jehanzeb, K. and Nadeem B., "Training and development program and its benefits to employee and organization: A conceptual study."Training and Development5, no. 2 (2013). [11] Olaniyan, D. A., and Lucas B. Ojo. "Staff training and development: a vital tool for organisational effectiveness."European Journal of Scientific Research24, no. 3 (2008): 326-331. [12] Kozlowski, S., and Eduardo S.,Learning, training, and development in organizations. Taylor Francis, 2009. [13] Abdullah, H., "Major challenges to the effective management of human resource training and development activities."The Journal of International Social Research2, no. 8 (2009): 11-25. [14] Storey, John.Human resource management: A critical text. Cengage Learning EMEA, 2007. [15] Armstrong, M., and Stephen T.,Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers, 2014. [16] Bratton, J., and Jeff G.,Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. [17] Boxall, P., and John P., Strategy and human resource management. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. [18] Schuler, R., and Susan J.,Strategic human resource management. John Wiley Sons, 2008. [19] Werner, J., and Randy D.,Human resource development. Cengage Learning, 2011. [20] Daley, M. "Strategic human resource management."Public Personnel Management(2012): 120-125. [21] Armstrong, M., and Stephen T.,Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers, 2014. [22] Paauwe, J., "HRM and performance: Achievements, methodological issues and prospects."nRecommendationbsp;Journal of Management studies46, no. 1 (2009): 129-142. [23] Caulton,J., "The development and use of the theory of erg: A literature review."Emerging Leadership Journeys5, no. 1 (2012): 2-8. [24] Ortmeier, P., and Edwin M.Leadership, ethics, and policing: Challenges for the 21st century. Prentice Hall, 2010. [25] Truss, C., David M., and Clare K.,Strategic human resource management. Oxford University Press, 2012. [26] Richard,O.., and Nancy J., "Strategic human resource management effectiveness and firm performance."International Journal of Human Resource Management12, no. 2 (2001): 299-310. [27] Werner, J. and Randy S.,Human resource development. Cengage Learning, 2011. [28] Joy-Matthews, Jennifer, David M., and Mark S.,Human resource development. Kogan Page Publishers, 2004. [29] Srinath, K. "Human resource development." 2003. [30] McGuire, D.,Human resource development. Sage, 2014.

Assessment of a Surgical Video for Veterinary - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAssessment of a Surgical Video for Veterinary. Answer: This assignment will analyse a surgical video and will discuss the good and bad practices demonstrated by the surgical assistant and the surgeon during the practice. Video analysis Surgical assistants are involved in providing assistance in closure of wounds, exposure, and maintenance of homeostasis, during an operation, which facilitates the surgeons to carry out safe and effective operation that will ensure optimal outcomes. In addition, a surgical assistant is also entitled the responsibility of performing pre and post-operative duties. These lead to better care of the patients. In the aforementioned video, there were some best practices demonstrated by the surgical assistant. They are as follows: The operating theatre is often a messy place and contains several germs. Shoe covers or waterproof boots are used by surgeons and assistants while entering an operation theatre. The surgical assistant used a shoe cover as a protective measure that would prevent contamination with pus and blood. Further, it would help in eliminating dirt particles and microbes, thereby maintaining a sanitary environment. The shoe cover would also protect her from body fluids and accidental spills. Cleaning serves as one of the most important practices in an operation theatre. The surgical assistant had removed all unnecessary items from the operation table and had cleaned all the exposed surfaces with a This would help in killing any microorganisms that were present on the surface of the table and would prevent contamination. The assistant had used bouffant surgical caps before the operation. Chances of contamination of the organism would get lowered (McHugh et al., 2014). The assistant gave an autoclaved surgical pack to the surgeon prior the surgery. The pack contained all sterilized instruments that were placed inside a sealed folded cloth wrap that had been autoclaved for and steam sterilization. This would further prevent contamination (Seavey, 2013). She used sterilized scissors when asked for by the surgeon. Use of sterilized instruments was another good practice. There were some inappropriate practices by the assistant during the surgery. They are as follows: She did not wear disposable gloves. Gloves are one of the most common personal protective equipments (PPE), and act as barriers in the pathway of microorganism entry. They are necessary whenever a surgeon or an assistant come in contact with body secretion or fluids (Garus-Pakowska, Sobala Szatko, 2013). There was no use of aprons or surgical gowns. Surgical gowns function as protective items and maintain aseptic conditions by inhibiting the transfer of pathogens (Ward et al., 2014). She did not wash or scrub her hands. Infected hands can lead to nosocomial surgical site infections. However, she did not maintain pre-operative hand hygiene before the surgery (Harrop et al., 2012). She wore masks after the operation had begun. This is inappropriate as masks provide protection from infection by pathogens. There was no evidence of animal preparation and hair clipping. Clipped skin is generally disinfected with iodine or chlorhexidine to inhibit bacterial contamination. The surgical wrap was not shown to be pre-sterilised and it was touched with bare hands. This might have led to contamination. The post-surgery autoclave temperature was fixed at 184 F, although heavily wrapped items should be autoclaved at 270 F. This would prevent sterilization of the instruments (Dancer et al., 2012). Although she wore a surgical cap, her head was not completely covered. This would increase chances of her hair falling on the operation table. The animal was brought to the recovery area immediately after the surgery although it should have been kept under observation for a few hours. Warm blankets and heat sources were not provided to the animal. This could lead to post-surgical hypothermia. Best practices Some best practices could have been followed during the surgery to prevent contamination and surgical site infection. The assistant should have removed her finger rings and washed her hands with suitable disinfectants. Hand scrubbing is essential before to wearing gloves to prevent pathogen transfer from the skin to the surgical instruments or the patient (Widmer, 2013). The hands and arms must have been washed with antimicrobial soap before proceeding to the operation room. She should have trimmed her fingernails to prevent puncture of the gloves and further contamination. Long fingernails can tear gloves and lead to infection (Hayes et al., 2014). Wearing surgical gown or aprons is another best practice that should have been followed. Not wearing those lead to a direct exposure of the clothes to the patient drapes, body fluids and blood. That increased chances of contamination in both the patient as well as the animal. Furthermore, preparation of the animal prior to the surgery is one of the most essential steps that should have been rigorously followed. Animal preparation involves clipping of hair and fur from the region where the surgery is to be performed. Clippers should have been used parallel to the skin to clip the hairs in their direction of growth. There was a need to scrub the clipped skin and rinse it with water that contained a dilute solution of chlorhexidine (Turk, Singh Weese, 2015). 3 surgical scrub applications should have been used followed by an alcohol cleansing of the surgical site. Furthermore, the scrub should have been applied in a bulls eye pattern (towards periphery). Reflective summary From the aforementioned surgical video I learnt that it is extremely essential for surgeons and the assistants to follow the protocols associated with a surgery in order to prevent any adverse reactions and surgical site contamination. The VOA assignment provided me with the opportunity to understand that a surgical team is responsible for preventing contamination in an operation theatre. They should follow several procedures pre- and post-surgery to ensure that the organism that has been operated upon is free from any infection. The assignment gave me a clear understanding of the practices related to hand scrubbing, disinfection of the operation table, usage of disposable gloves, shoe covers, masks and surgical caps, which prevent all forms of pathogen entry (Mitchell, Williamson Molesworth, 2015). I further learnt that proper sterilization of surgical instruments is essential. The findings will help me to enrich my surgical capabilities and will improve my performance as a VOA. References Dancer, S. J., Stewart, M., Coulombe, C., Gregori, A., Virdi, M. (2012). Surgical site infections linked to contaminated surgical instruments.Journal of Hospital Infection,81(4), 231-238. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2012.04.023 Garus-Pakowska, A., Sobala, W., Szatko, F. (2013). The use of protective gloves by medical personnel.International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health,26(3), 423-429. DOI 10.2478/s13382-013-0095-1. Harrop, J. S., Styliaras, J. C., Ooi, Y. C., Radcliff, K. E., Vaccaro, A. R., Wu, C. (2012). Contributing factors to surgical site infections.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons,20(2), 94-101. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-20-02-094. Hayes, G. M., Reynolds, D., Moens, N. M., Singh, A., Oblak, M., Gibson, T. W., ... Dewey, C. (2014). Investigation of incidence and risk factors for surgical glove perforation in small animal surgery.Veterinary surgery,43(4), 400-404. DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.2014.12159.x. McHugh, S. M., Corrigan, M. A., Hill, A. D. K., Humphreys, H. (2014). Surgical attire, practices and their perception in the prevention of surgical site infection.The Surgeon,12(1), 47-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2013.10.006 Mitchell, R. J., Williamson, A., Molesworth, B. (2015). Use of a human factors classification framework to identify causal factors for medication and medical device-related adverse clinical incidents.Safety science,79, 163-174. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2015.06.002 Seavey, R. (2013). High-level disinfection, sterilization, and antisepsis: current issues in reprocessing medical and surgical instruments.American journal of infection control,41(5), S111-S117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2012.09.030 Turk, R., Singh, A., Weese, J. S. (2015). Prospective surgical site infection surveillance in dogs.Veterinary Surgery,44(1), 2-8. DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.2014.12267.x. Ward Sr, W. G., Cooper, J. M., Lippert, D., Kablawi, R. O., Neiberg, R. H., Sherertz, R. J. (2014). Glove and gown effects on intraoperative bacterial contamination.Annals of surgery,259(3), 591-597. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182a6f2d9. Widmer, A. F. (2013). Surgical hand hygiene: scrub or rub?.Journal of Hospital Infection,83, S35-S39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0195-6701(13)60008-0